What is the primary function of excavation support in foundation construction?
A Prevent soil movement
B Increase bearing capacity
C Reduce settlement
D Improve soil texture
Excavation support is used to prevent the surrounding soil from shifting or collapsing during construction. It maintains stability during excavation, ensuring that the foundation work proceeds safely and without disruption.
What is the main goal of liquefaction mitigation in foundation design?
A Increase drainage
B Prevent soil failure
C Improve soil density
D Reduce weight
Liquefaction mitigation aims to prevent the soil from losing strength during seismic activity. It involves strengthening the soil, typically using techniques like compaction or grouting, to maintain its stability during an earthquake.
Which foundation type is most suitable for seismic foundation design?
A Raft foundation
B Shallow foundation
C Mat foundation
D Pile foundation
Pile foundations are ideal for seismic foundation design, as they anchor the structure to deeper, more stable soil layers. This prevents settlement or movement during seismic activity, ensuring structural stability in earthquake‐prone areas.
What is the main consideration when designing foundations for seismic conditions?
A Foundation depth
B Soil texture
C Lateral load resistance
D Load-bearing capacity
When designing foundations for seismic conditions, lateral load resistance is critical. The foundation must be able to withstand horizontal forces, such as those caused by earthquakes, to prevent the structure from shifting or collapsing.
What is the primary concern in foundation durability?
A Foundation depth
B Material strength
C Soil texture
D Water resistance
Foundation durability is primarily determined by the strength and quality of the materials used in construction. Strong, durable materials ensure that the foundation can withstand environmental conditions like moisture, temperature changes, and loads over time.
What construction practice is essential for ensuring foundation stability?
A Soil compaction
B Load distribution
C Proper curing
D Material selection
Soil compaction is crucial for foundation stability as it ensures that the soil beneath the foundation is dense and capable of bearing the required loads. Proper compaction reduces the risk of settlement and provides a stable base.
How does soil compaction improve foundation support?
A Prevents erosion
B Enhances drainage
C Increases load capacity
D Reduces settlement
Soil compaction increases the density of the soil, improving its load-bearing capacity. This allows the foundation to distribute loads more effectively, reducing the likelihood of excessive settlement or failure due to weak soil.
What does a seismic foundation design aim to prevent during earthquakes?
A Water seepage
B Soil erosion
C Soil consolidation
D Foundation displacement
Seismic foundation design aims to prevent foundation displacement during earthquakes. By using techniques like deep foundations or flexible joints, the foundation can absorb and resist seismic forces, preventing movement that could damage the structure.
What is a common method used in liquefaction mitigation?
A Grouting
B Pile driving
C Soil washing
D Excavation
Grouting is commonly used in liquefaction mitigation to strengthen loose or saturated soil. By injecting a stabilizing agent into the soil, it increases its density and load-bearing capacity, reducing the risk of liquefaction during seismic events.
What is the purpose of excavation support during foundation construction?
A Control water flow
B Maintain excavation safety
C Increase soil stability
D Prevent soil erosion
Excavation support is used to stabilize the walls of an excavation site, preventing collapse and ensuring worker safety. This is critical during foundation construction to protect workers and prevent damage to surrounding structures.
What is the primary advantage of using pile foundations in seismic zones?
A Quick installation
B Low cost
C Deep anchoring
D Greater flexibility
Pile foundations are advantageous in seismic zones because they can anchor structures to deep, stable layers of soil or bedrock. This helps prevent settlement or tilting during earthquakes, providing better stability for the structure.
What is one key consideration for foundation design in areas with high water tables?
A Foundation size
B Soil texture
C Waterproofing
D Drainage systems
In areas with high water tables, proper drainage systems are crucial to prevent water from accumulating around the foundation. Without adequate drainage, water can weaken the foundation, leading to settlement or structural damage over time.
Which technique is commonly used to improve weak soils before foundation construction?
A Grouting
B Pile installation
C Soil washing
D Soil freezing
Grouting is a technique commonly used to improve weak soils by injecting a stabilizing agent. This increases the soil’s strength and density, making it more suitable for supporting foundations and reducing the risk of settlement or instability.
What is the primary concern when designing foundations in liquefaction‐prone areas?
A Ground vibration
B Lateral load resistance
C Bearing capacity
D Soil texture
In liquefaction‐prone areas, lateral load resistance is essential. As liquefaction occurs when saturated soil loses strength during seismic events, foundations must be designed to withstand the horizontal forces generated by soil movement.
What is the primary reason for conducting geotechnical investigations before foundation construction?
A Foundation cost
B Water content
C Bearing capacity
D Soil texture
Geotechnical investigations are performed to assess the soil’s bearing capacity, which is crucial for foundation design. By understanding how much weight the soil can support, engineers can design an appropriate foundation to ensure stability and prevent settlement.