What is the primary function of a cantilever retaining wall?
A Drainage
B Prevent erosion
C Resist soil pressure
D Distribute loads
Cantilever retaining walls are designed to resist the lateral pressure exerted by soil. The wall uses its own weight and structure to counteract the force from the soil behind it, ensuring stability.
What type of foundation is suitable for buildings under lateral loads?
A Pile foundation
B Deep foundation
C Raft foundation
D Shallow foundation
Pile foundations are particularly effective in areas with lateral loads, such as those subjected to wind or seismic forces. Piles transfer the load to deeper, more stable layers, preventing foundation failure due to horizontal forces.
What is the main purpose of counterforts in retaining walls?
A Enhance foundation strength
B Resist lateral soil pressure
C Prevent erosion
D Drain water
Counterforts are used in retaining walls to resist lateral soil pressure. They are placed at intervals and help strengthen the wall, reducing the risk of movement or failure under the force of soil behind the wall.
Which type of foundation is designed to prevent lateral movement of the soil?
A Shallow foundation
B Pile foundation
C Raft foundation
D Cantilever foundation
Cantilever foundations are designed to resist lateral forces from soil movement, particularly in sloped or unstable areas. These foundations use their own structure to prevent horizontal soil displacement and maintain stability.
What does retaining wall stability depend on?
A Building height
B Foundation depth
C Soil pressure resistance
D Soil compaction
Retaining wall stability is mainly dependent on its ability to resist soil pressure. If the wall can withstand the lateral forces exerted by the soil, it remains stable, preventing soil movement and erosion behind it.
What is a key feature of an anchor wall?
A Lateral support
B Load distribution
C Water resistance
D Drainage system
Anchor walls are used to provide lateral support for structures, particularly in retaining walls. They resist the horizontal forces exerted by the soil behind them, preventing movement and ensuring the stability of the wall.
What is the purpose of foundation design under lateral loads?
A To distribute vertical load
B To prevent water infiltration
C To improve soil texture
D To resist horizontal forces
Foundation design under lateral loads aims to resist horizontal forces, such as those caused by wind, earthquakes, or soil pressure. Proper design ensures that the foundation can withstand these forces without failure or excessive movement.
What factor is crucial in designing a foundation for a sloped site?
A Soil moisture content
B Lateral forces
C Load-bearing capacity
D Soil permeability
On sloped sites, lateral forces become a crucial factor in foundation design. These forces can cause movement or failure of the foundation if not properly accounted for, requiring additional reinforcement such as retaining walls or cantilever foundations.
Which type of foundation is most effective for resisting lateral earth pressure?
A Cantilever retaining wall
B Raft foundation
C Shallow foundation
D Pile foundation
Cantilever retaining walls are specifically designed to resist lateral earth pressure. The wall’s structure and weight counteract the horizontal forces exerted by the soil, making it effective in preventing soil movement behind the wall.
What is the primary purpose of anchor walls in foundation engineering?
A To stabilize the structure
B To distribute vertical loads
C To prevent water penetration
D To resist lateral forces
Anchor walls are designed to resist lateral forces, such as those from soil pressure or wind. They are often used in retaining wall systems to prevent soil displacement and ensure the stability of the structure.
What is a key concern when designing foundations in areas with high lateral loads?
A Lateral load resistance
B Bearing capacity
C Soil compaction
D Soil moisture
In areas with high lateral loads, such as those exposed to wind or seismic forces, it is crucial to design foundations that can resist these forces. Proper lateral load resistance ensures the stability of the foundation and prevents structural damage.
Which foundation type is best suited for deep, compressible soils?
A Shallow foundation
B Pile foundation
C Raft foundation
D Mat foundation
Pile foundations are ideal for deep, compressible soils as they transfer the load of the structure to more stable layers deeper below the surface. This prevents excessive settlement and ensures the stability of the building.
What is a typical feature of a counterfort wall?
A Vertical support
B Horizontal support
C Decreased weight
D Increased drainage
Counterfort walls are designed with horizontal supports (counterforts) that help resist lateral pressure from the soil. These supports prevent the wall from tipping over and provide additional stability under soil movement.
What is the effect of insufficient lateral load resistance in a foundation?
A Structural instability
B Water infiltration
C Soil erosion
D Increased settlement
Insufficient lateral load resistance in a foundation can lead to structural instability. Without proper support to resist lateral forces, such as those from wind or earthquakes, the foundation may shift or fail, compromising the entire structure.
What is the function of an anchor wall in foundation systems?
A To distribute loads
B To resist soil movement
C To prevent settlement
D To provide drainage
Anchor walls are used in foundation systems to resist lateral soil movement, particularly in areas with high soil pressure. They anchor the structure and prevent soil displacement, maintaining the stability of the foundation and surrounding soil.