Ohm’s law defines the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in a circuit. It states that voltage equals the product of current and resistance (V = I * R), helping analyze resistive circuits.
What is a series circuit characterized by?
A Voltage
B Power
C Resistance
D Current
In a series circuit, the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. Adding more resistors increases the total resistance, which limits current flow according to Ohm’s law.
What happens to current in a parallel circuit?
A Splits
B Stays
C Increases
D Decreases
In a parallel circuit, the total current is divided among the branches. The current through each branch is inversely proportional to the resistance, with lower resistance branches carrying more current.
What does an inductor store?
A Heat
B Energy
C Power
D Voltage
An inductor stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. When current passes through it, the magnetic field is created and stored, opposing sudden changes in current flow.
What does a capacitor store?
A Energy
B Voltage
C Power
D Charge
A capacitor stores energy in an electric field. This is done by accumulating charge on its plates. Capacitors release the stored energy when needed to smooth out signals or filter noise in circuits.
What does Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) state?
A Voltage
B Resistance
C Current
D Power
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction. It is based on the principle of conservation of electric charge.
What is the purpose of Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)?
A Resistance balance
B Power balance
C Voltage sum
D Current distribution
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of all voltages around a closed loop must equal zero. This law is based on the principle of energy conservation in a circuit.
What does the total resistance in a parallel circuit depend on?
A Branch resistances
B Voltage
C Current
D Power
In a parallel circuit, the total resistance is determined by the reciprocal sum of the individual resistances. The lower the resistance of a branch, the higher the current through it.
What happens to voltage in a series circuit?
A Increases
B Stays
C Divides
D Decreases
In a series circuit, the total voltage divides across the components according to their resistances. The sum of individual voltages across the resistors equals the total supply voltage.
What does impedance in an AC circuit represent?
A Resistance
B Opposition
C Current
D Voltage
Impedance is the total opposition to current flow in an AC circuit. It combines both resistance and reactance (inductive and capacitive), limiting the amount of current that can flow for a given voltage.
What is resonance in a circuit?
A Zero power
B Maximum voltage
C Maximum power transfer
D Maximum current
Resonance occurs in circuits with both inductance and capacitance. When the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other, the circuit reaches resonance, allowing maximum power transfer.
What does a transformer do?
A Change voltage
B Regulate power
C Increase current
D Store energy
A transformer changes the voltage in an AC circuit, stepping it up or down as needed. This is achieved through electromagnetic induction, which transfers energy between two coils at different voltage levels.
What does an electrical filter do?
A Amplify signals
B Increase voltage
C Remove frequencies
D Change current
An electrical filter removes unwanted frequencies from a signal. It allows certain frequencies to pass while blocking others, ensuring that only the desired frequencies reach the output.
What does the power factor indicate?
A Frequency
B Efficiency
C Impedance
D Reactance
The power factor indicates how efficiently electrical power is being used. It is the ratio of real power to apparent power, with a power factor of 1 indicating maximum efficiency and no reactive losses.
What is the characteristic of a resistive circuit?
A Stores energy
B Converts energy
C Opposes current
D Stores voltage
A resistive circuit opposes the flow of current. Resistors dissipate energy in the form of heat and limit the current according to Ohm’s law (V = I * R).