Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines MCQs (Part-14)
What is the primary function of mechanical advantage in a machine?
A Speed control
B Power transmission
C Force multiplication
D Reduce friction
Mechanical advantage is the ratio of the force output to the force input. It allows a machine to amplify the applied force, making tasks like lifting or moving heavy loads easier.
What does dynamic balancing ensure in rotating machinery?
A Smooth rotation
B Increased speed
C Reduced torque
D Increased power
Dynamic balancing ensures that rotating parts are mass-balanced around their axis. This minimizes vibrations, leading to smoother operation, reducing wear and improving system stability in high-speed machinery.
How does a gyroscope stabilize a rotating system?
A Reduces torque
B Maintains orientation
C Increases speed
D Controls vibrations
A gyroscope resists changes in its axis of rotation due to angular momentum. This resistance to orientation changes helps stabilize the system, which is useful in navigation and control systems, such as in aircraft.
What does a governor regulate in an engine?
A Friction
B Power
C Torque
D Speed
A governor automatically adjusts the fuel or air intake in an engine to maintain a constant speed, regardless of load changes. This ensures stable engine operation and prevents over-speeding.
What is the function of a flywheel in mechanical systems?
A Store energy
B Increase torque
C Reduce friction
D Control vibration
A flywheel stores kinetic energy and smooths out fluctuations in speed. It absorbs energy during acceleration and releases it during deceleration, helping to maintain a consistent speed in engines and other machines.
What is the role of a chain drive in mechanical power transmission?
A Control motion
B Transmit torque
C Reduce friction
D Increase speed
A chain drive transmits torque from one rotating shaft to another using a chain and sprockets. It is often used in applications like bicycles, motorcycles, and machinery where precise, reliable power transmission is required.
What type of motion does the slider-crank mechanism generate?
A Linear to rotary
B Oscillatory to linear
C Rotary to linear
D Rotational to angular
The slider-crank mechanism converts rotary motion into linear motion. It is commonly used in engines, where the rotating crankshaft moves the piston in a straight line, converting rotational energy into mechanical work.
How do dynamic forces affect the stability of mechanical systems?
A Increase stability
B Reduce torque
C Improve power transmission
D Cause vibrations
Dynamic forces, such as those caused by acceleration or deceleration, can lead to vibrations in mechanical systems. These vibrations can reduce stability, causing wear and potential damage, which is why dynamic analysis is crucial in system design.
What is the key benefit of harmonic motion in mechanical systems?
A Increased efficiency
B Controlled oscillations
C Reduced friction
D Enhanced torque
Harmonic motion provides controlled, periodic oscillations, which are important in systems like springs and pendulums. It ensures predictable and stable motion, which is essential for applications like mechanical clocks and vibration absorbers.
What does a velocity diagram represent in kinematic analysis?
A Relative velocities
B Energy consumption
C Force distribution
D Speed measurement
A velocity diagram shows the relative velocities of different components in a system. It is a vital tool in understanding how different parts of a mechanism move in relation to each other, helping in design and optimization.
What is the purpose of synthesis in mechanism design?
A Control vibration
B Optimize efficiency
C Generate specific motion
D Increase torque
Synthesis in mechanism design involves creating systems that generate specific motion, such as converting rotary to linear or oscillating motion. This is essential for applications like robotics, where precise movement is critical.
What is the role of gear ratios in power transmission?
A Change torque
B Control energy consumption
C Increase friction
D Change direction
Gear ratios determine the relationship between speed and torque in a power transmission system. A higher gear ratio increases torque but reduces speed, while a lower ratio does the opposite, allowing for better control in various applications.
How does dynamic modeling help in machine design?
A Control speed
B Simulate forces
C Predict wear
D Optimize energy use
Dynamic modeling simulates how forces act on components within a machine during operation. It helps predict how systems behave under real-world conditions, enabling designers to optimize performance and stability before physical testing.
What effect does inertia have on a mechanical system?
A Increases power
B Controls energy
C Decreases friction
D Resists motion change
Inertia resists changes in the motion of an object, particularly in rotating systems. This resistance to acceleration or deceleration must be accounted for in dynamic analyses to ensure smooth and controlled operation of machines.
What is the function of a torque converter in an automotive transmission system?
A Control speed
B Smooth acceleration
C Increase torque
D Reduce vibrations
A torque converter in an automotive transmission system multiplies torque and smooths the transition between the engine and transmission. It allows for smoother acceleration by automatically adjusting power transfer to the wheels based on driving conditions.