What is the main function of a governor in an engine?
A Control torque
B Regulate speed
C Store energy
D Transmit power
A governor regulates the speed of an engine by adjusting the fuel or air intake based on load variations. It helps maintain a consistent engine speed, preventing over-speeding and improving performance.
What is the purpose of a flywheel in a machine?
A Increase torque
B Control speed
C Absorb energy
D Store energy
A flywheel stores rotational energy and helps smooth out speed fluctuations in machines. It absorbs energy during periods of excess speed and releases it during low-speed conditions, maintaining consistent operation.
Which mechanism is used to convert rotary motion into linear motion in an engine?
A Crankshaft
B Slider-crank
C Camshaft
D Gear system
The crankshaft converts rotary motion into linear motion. In an engine, the crankshaft’s rotation drives the pistons, enabling the conversion of chemical energy from fuel into mechanical work.
What is the primary effect of dynamic balancing in machinery?
A Increase power
B Improve torque
C Reduce vibrations
D Increase efficiency
Dynamic balancing ensures that rotating components are mass-balanced around their axis, which reduces vibrations. This leads to smoother operation, reduced wear, and extended life of mechanical parts in high-speed systems.
What type of motion does a cam mechanism produce?
A Constant motion
B Uniform motion
C Variable motion
D Linear motion
A cam mechanism produces variable motion based on the cam profile. It allows precise control over the follower’s movement, making it useful for applications like engine valve timing, where different motion speeds are needed.
What does “backlash” in a gear system refer to?
A Clearance between teeth
B Gear wear
C Excessive force
D Gear teeth misalignment
Backlash is the slight clearance between meshing gear teeth. It is essential to prevent gears from jamming, but excessive backlash can lead to inefficiency, affecting the precision and performance of gear systems.
What is the purpose of a damper in mechanical systems?
A Control motion
B Store energy
C Reduce vibrations
D Transmit torque
A damper absorbs and dissipates the energy from vibrations, reducing oscillations in mechanical systems. This is crucial for stability, improving the performance of rotating machinery and preventing excessive wear and tear on parts.
What does the term “inertia” refer to in dynamics?
A Resistance to force
B Resistance to friction
C Resistance to motion change
D Resistance to speed
Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion. In dynamic systems, inertia force must be accounted for as it impacts acceleration and deceleration rates, influencing system stability and efficiency.
What is the primary use of a linkage system?
A Increase torque
B Convert motion type
C Transmit power
D Change motion direction
Linkage systems are used to convert types of motion, such as from rotary to linear or oscillating. This functionality is key in applications like robotic arms, where precise motion control is required.
What is the primary effect of using a flywheel in mechanical systems?
A Smooths speed fluctuations
B Transmits power
C Increases speed
D Reduces vibration
A flywheel helps smooth out variations in speed by storing rotational energy. It releases this energy during low-speed phases, ensuring that mechanical systems, such as engines, operate at a steady speed.
What is the main characteristic of harmonic motion in mechanical systems?
A Rotational motion
B Linear motion
C Periodic oscillation
D Constant speed
Harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion, where an object moves back and forth in a regular pattern. This motion is characteristic of systems like springs and pendulums, fundamental in vibration analysis.
What does “dynamic analysis” in a mechanical system primarily deal with?
A Power transmission
B Accelerating forces
C Force distribution
D Speed control
Dynamic analysis focuses on forces that result from the acceleration and deceleration of parts within a machine. It is used to calculate the effects of motion on components and ensure the stability of the system.
What type of motion does a slider-crank mechanism primarily convert?
A Oscillating to linear
B Linear to oscillating
C Linear to rotary
D Rotary to linear
The slider-crank mechanism converts rotary motion into linear motion, often used in engines. The rotating crank drives the motion of the piston, enabling the conversion of rotational energy into mechanical work.
What is the role of a gear ratio in a gear system?
A Increase torque
B Change direction
C Change speed and torque
D Control friction
Gear ratios determine how speed and torque are altered between gears. A higher gear ratio reduces speed but increases torque, while a lower ratio increases speed but decreases torque, optimizing machine performance.
What is the primary function of a gear in a mechanical system?
A Transmit power
B Change direction
C Increase speed
D Store energy
Gears are used to transmit power between shafts. They can change the speed and direction of motion depending on their size and arrangement, and are key components in systems like engines, transmissions, and machinery.