Which of the following is an example of a non-ferrous alloy?
A Cast iron
B Bronze
C Steel
D Aluminum
Bronze is a non-ferrous alloy composed primarily of copper and tin. Unlike ferrous alloys, which contain iron, non-ferrous alloys like bronze are resistant to corrosion and are commonly used in applications such as coins and bearings.
Which material property is most important when selecting materials for structural components?
A Optical clarity
B Density
C Strength and toughness
D Electrical conductivity
Strength and toughness are critical when selecting materials for structural components because they ensure the material can withstand loads and resist fracture. These properties are essential for ensuring the safety and durability of buildings and machinery.
What is the key feature of phase transformation in materials?
A Change in crystal structure
B Change in temperature only
C Change in weight
D Change in shape only
Phase transformation refers to the change in the crystal structure of a material due to temperature or pressure changes. This can alter the material’s properties, such as strength, hardness, and ductility, which is particularly important in metals and alloys.
Which material is most commonly used for electrical wiring due to its conductivity?
A Brass
B Aluminum
C Copper
D Steel
Copper is widely used for electrical wiring because it has excellent electrical conductivity, allowing electrical current to flow with minimal resistance. Its ductility and corrosion resistance make it ideal for this purpose in both residential and industrial applications.
What is the primary advantage of using non-ferrous alloys in marine environments?
A High magnetic permeability
B Resistance to corrosion
C Low cost
D High strength
Non-ferrous alloys, such as aluminum and bronze, are commonly used in marine environments because they are resistant to corrosion caused by saltwater. This makes them ideal for shipbuilding and other maritime applications where resistance to rust is crucial.
What is the primary benefit of adding carbon to iron in the production of steel?
A Increase ductility
B Increase conductivity
C Increase malleability
D Increase hardness
Adding carbon to iron creates steel, which significantly increases hardness and strength. The higher the carbon content, the harder the steel becomes, although it may also reduce ductility and make the steel more brittle.
Which of the following non-ferrous alloys is used extensively in aircraft structures?
A Titanium alloys
B Mild steel
C Cast iron
D Stainless steel
Titanium alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand high temperatures. They are ideal for aircraft components that require strength and lightness.
What does the phase diagram of a material typically represent?
A Hardness vs. temperature
B Phases of the material at different temperatures and compositions
C Stress vs. strain curve
D Electrical conductivity vs. temperature
A phase diagram shows the various phases of a material at different temperatures and compositions. This helps engineers understand the material’s behavior under different conditions and is essential for designing processes like alloying and heat treatment.
Which type of material is used for making gears that require high wear resistance?
A Brass
B Cast iron
C Carbon steel
D Stainless steel
Carbon steel is commonly used for making gears due to its excellent wear resistance and strength. It is especially suitable for gears that are exposed to high stress and require durability over time.
Which of the following materials is an example of a high‐strength, non‐ferrous alloy used in industrial applications?
A Copper
B Brass
C Lead
D Aluminum alloy
Aluminum alloys are known for their high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction. These alloys are lightweight yet strong and resistant to corrosion, making them versatile for many applications.
What is the effect of phase transformation on the mechanical properties of materials?
A Makes materials more brittle
B Changes strength and hardness
C No effect on strength
D Increases ductility
Phase transformation, such as from austenite to martensite in steel, can significantly alter the mechanical properties of a material, including its strength and hardness. The transformation can improve or degrade the material’s performance depending on the process.
Which type of alloy is known for its high resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures?
A Titanium alloy
B Stainless steel
C Brass
D Aluminum alloy
Titanium alloys are known for their high resistance to oxidation and corrosion, even at elevated temperatures. This makes them suitable for high-temperature applications like aerospace and power generation, where oxidation resistance is crucial.
Which property of non-ferrous alloys makes them ideal for use in electrical connectors?
A High hardness
B High thermal conductivity
C High corrosion resistance
D High electrical conductivity
Non-ferrous alloys, particularly copper and its alloys, are ideal for electrical connectors due to their high electrical conductivity. These materials allow efficient transmission of electrical current while preventing corrosion over time.
What is the main advantage of using high‐strength steel in construction?
A Reduced weight
B Increased load‐bearing capacity
C High ductility
D Resistance to corrosion
High‐strength steel is often used in construction due to its ability to bear heavy loads without deformation. This allows for the construction of taller buildings and bridges while maintaining structural integrity and safety.
What does a high carbon content in an alloy typically increase?
A Toughness
B Ductility
C Hardness and strength
D Electrical conductivity
Increasing the carbon content in an alloy, especially steel, increases its hardness and strength. However, it typically reduces ductility, making the material more brittle but ideal for applications requiring high strength and wear resistance.
