Water Supply and Wastewater Engineering MCQs (Part-14)
What is the primary function of water distribution networks?
A Store water
B Pump water
C Filter water
D Distribute water
Water distribution networks are designed to transport treated water from a water treatment plant to homes, businesses, and industries, ensuring that a reliable and clean water supply is available to consumers.
What is the role of sedimentation in water treatment?
A Remove solids
B Increase water clarity
C Add chemicals
D Filter water
Sedimentation is a process where heavier particles in water settle at the bottom of a tank due to gravity. This helps remove larger particles before the water undergoes further treatment such as filtration or disinfection.
Which material is most commonly used in sewer systems?
A PVC
B Copper
C Cast iron
D Concrete
Cast iron is commonly used in sewer systems because it is durable, corrosion–resistant, and capable of handling high pressure. It is particularly useful for underground pipelines, ensuring long–lasting performance.
What does coagulation do in water treatment?
A Filter water
B Bind particles
C Remove bacteria
D Increase pH
Coagulation adds chemicals that cause small particles in water to clump together into larger aggregates (flocs). This makes it easier to remove the particles through sedimentation or filtration, improving water clarity.
What process removes dissolved salts from water?
A Filtration
B Coagulation
C Chlorination
D Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis is used to remove dissolved salts and other impurities from water by passing it through a semi–permeable membrane. It is commonly used for desalination, turning seawater into fresh, drinkable water.
What is the primary goal of nutrient removal in wastewater treatment?
A Prevent eutrophication
B Increase water clarity
C Remove solids
D Remove bacteria
Nutrient removal targets nitrogen and phosphorus, which can lead to eutrophication in water bodies. By reducing these nutrients, we prevent excessive algae growth that depletes oxygen and harms aquatic ecosystems.
What does greywater recycling typically use?
A Toilet water
B Rainwater
C Kitchen sink water
D Stormwater
Greywater recycling involves treating wastewater from sources such as sinks, showers, and laundry for reuse. This non–potable water is often used for irrigation or toilet flushing, helping conserve fresh water.
Which water treatment process helps eliminate bacteria?
A Filtration
B Chlorination
C Coagulation
D Sedimentation
Chlorination is the most common method for disinfecting water by adding chlorine or chlorine compounds to kill harmful bacteria, viruses, and pathogens. It ensures that water is safe for consumption and other uses.
What does a pumping station do in water supply systems?
A Store water
B Filter water
C Treat water
D Pump water
A pumping station is used to move water through a system by increasing pressure or helping it overcome gravity. It ensures that water flows efficiently from treatment plants to distribution points or storage reservoirs.
What is the main purpose of a septic system?
A Treat sewage on–site
B Pump water
C Store water
D Filter wastewater
Septic systems treat sewage and wastewater on–site in areas without access to centralized sewer systems. The system separates solids and liquids, with the effluent filtered through soil, helping manage waste sustainably.
What is a major advantage of wastewater reuse?
A Increase water supply
B Reduces freshwater usage
C Recycles solids
D Improves water quality
Wastewater reuse involves treating and recycling wastewater for non–potable uses such as irrigation and industrial processes. This helps conserve freshwater resources and reduces the overall demand for potable water.
What is the primary concern with combined sewer overflows (CSOs)?
A Reduced water flow
B Inadequate filtration
C Pollution of water bodies
D Increased water supply
Combined sewer overflows occur during heavy rainfall when the combined sewer system cannot handle the volume of water, resulting in untreated wastewater being discharged into rivers, lakes, or streets, causing pollution and health risks.
What process is commonly used for stormwater management?
A Retention basins
B Desalination
C Coagulation
D Chlorination
Retention basins are used in storm water management to temporarily hold excess rainwater, allowing it to slowly infiltrate or evaporate. This helps reduce flooding, control runoff, and protect water quality in nearby bodies of water.
What type of pipe is most commonly used for water distribution?
A Cast iron
B PVC
C Copper
D Steel
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) is commonly used in water distribution systems due to its affordability, corrosion resistance, and ease of installation. It is lightweight and durable, making it ideal for both residential and industrial water systems.
What is an example of an advanced treatment method for wastewater?
A Sedimentation
B Chlorination
C Reverse osmosis
D Coagulation
Reverse osmosis is considered an advanced treatment method for wastewater. It uses a semi–permeable membrane to remove dissolved solids, chemicals, and other contaminants from water, making it suitable for reuse or discharge into the environment.