ROM (Read–Only Memory) is non–volatile, meaning it retains its contents even when power is off. It is primarily used to store firmware, software, and other permanent data in digital systems.
What is the main difference between RAM and ROM?
A Size
B Volatility
C Type of storage
D Speed
The primary difference between RAM and ROM is volatility. RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile and loses data when power is off, while ROM retains its data even without power.
Which of the following is a characteristic of RAM?
A Permanent storage
B Cannot be written to
C Volatile
D Non–volatile
RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile, meaning it loses all stored data when the power is turned off. It is used for temporary storage of data during processing and execution in a system.
What is the primary function of a microprocessor?
A Decode instructions
B Perform calculations
C Store data
D Route data
A microprocessor is the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer or digital system. It performs calculations, executes instructions, and manages data flow between components in a digital system.
What is the function of the ALU in a microprocessor?
A Store data
B Control memory
C Generate clock signals
D Perform arithmetic and logical operations
The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) in a microprocessor performs arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction, as well as logical operations such as AND, OR, and NOT. It is fundamental to the processor’s operation.
Which of these memory types is used for storing data temporarily while a device is operating?
A ROM
B RAM
C EEPROM
D Flash
RAM (Random Access Memory) is used for temporary data storage during active processing. It allows quick read and write operations and is essential for running programs and managing real–time data in a system.
Which of the following memory types is electrically erasable and programmable?
A RAM
B Flash
C EEPROM
D ROM
EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read–Only Memory) allows data to be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is non–volatile and often used for storing configuration settings in devices like microcontrollers.
What does the term “byte” refer to in digital systems?
A A group of 8 bits
B A group of 4 bits
C A single bit of data
D A group of 16 bits
A byte consists of 8 bits and is the standard unit of data used in digital systems. It is used to represent characters, such as letters or numbers, in a computer’s memory or storage.
Which of the following describes the function of cache memory?
A Stores instructions for the CPU
B Provides fast access to frequently used data
C Stores data permanently
D Performs logical operations
Cache memory is a small, high–speed memory located close to the CPU. It stores frequently used data to improve processing speed by reducing the time the CPU needs to fetch data from slower main memory.
What does the microprocessor use to execute instructions?
A Memory cells
B Data buses
C Logic gates
D Clock signals
The microprocessor uses clock signals to synchronize the execution of instructions. The clock determines the timing of each operation, ensuring that data flows correctly through the processor and other components.
What is the main advantage of using a microcontroller over a microprocessor?
A More complex
B Contains built–in memory and peripherals
C Faster clock speed
D Requires external memory
A microcontroller integrates a CPU, memory, and peripherals (such as input/output ports) in one chip, making it suitable for embedded systems. It reduces the need for external components, unlike a microprocessor.
Which of these is an example of a non–volatile memory?
A ROM
B Register
C RAM
D Cache
ROM (Read–Only Memory) is non–volatile, meaning it retains data even when power is removed. It is used to store firmware, which is critical for starting up and controlling a system.
What is the primary use of a microprocessor in a computer system?
A Manage peripheral devices
B Store files
C Provide power
D Perform calculations and process data
The microprocessor serves as the brain of a computer system. It executes instructions from programs, performs calculations, and processes data to control other parts of the system.
What is the main characteristic of volatile memory?
A Stores permanent instructions
B Retains data without power
C Loses data when power is lost
D Is non–rewritable
Volatile memory, like RAM, loses its stored data when power is turned off. It is used for temporary storage during system operations, where data needs to be read and written quickly.
What is the purpose of a system bus in a microprocessor?
A To provide a path for data transfer
B To generate clock signals
C To execute instructions
D To store data
The system bus connects various components of a computer or digital system, providing a communication path for data transfer between the microprocessor, memory, and peripherals.