What is the main property of steel used in construction?
A Ductility
B Cost
C Flexibility
D Stiffness
Ductility is one of the key properties of steel, allowing it to deform without breaking under stress. This characteristic makes steel suitable for structures that need to absorb energy from loads and forces.
What is the function of a steel column?
A Supports roof
B Prevents buckling
C Resists compression
D Resists tension
Steel columns are primarily designed to resist compressive forces. They transfer vertical loads from beams and slabs down to the foundation, ensuring the stability of the structure.
Which steel section is commonly used for beams in construction?
A C-section
B I-section
C H-section
D T-section
I-sections, also known as I-beams, are widely used in construction for beams. They are efficient in carrying loads due to their high moment of inertia and ability to resist bending.
What is the primary reason for using steel in building frames?
A Low weight
B Cost-effective
C Easy fabrication
D High strength
Steel is used in building frames due to its high strength-to-weight ratio. It can support large loads while being relatively lightweight, making it ideal for tall and large structures.
What is the main cause of lateral torsional buckling in beams?
A Axial loads
B Bending moments
C Vibrations
D Shear forces
Lateral torsional buckling occurs in long, slender beams when bending moments cause the beam to twist and bend at the same time, which can lead to instability if not properly supported.
Which type of steel joint is commonly used for heavy-duty structures?
A Welded
B Bolted
C Riveted
D Glued
Welded joints are commonly used in heavy-duty structures because they provide strong, permanent connections that transfer loads efficiently. They are used in situations requiring high strength and rigidity.
What is the role of stiffeners in plate girders?
A Improve aesthetics
B Prevent bending
C Prevent buckling
D Prevent torsion
Stiffeners are used in plate girders to prevent the web or flanges from buckling under high loads. They add strength to the girder and enhance its load-bearing capacity.
What is the purpose of a tie rod in a truss?
A Support beams
B Provide compression
C Connect joints
D Provide tension
Tie rods in trusses provide tension and help resist axial forces. They maintain the structural integrity of trusses by transferring tensile loads between joints, particularly in bridges and roofs.
What type of steel is often used for structural frames?
A Carbon steel
B Alloy steel
C High-tensile steel
D Stainless steel
Carbon steel is commonly used for structural frames due to its balance of strength, ductility, and cost. It is readily available and provides sufficient strength for most structural applications.
What is the function of a base plate in steel structures?
A Resist tensile forces
B Prevent corrosion
C Distribute column load
D Transfer shear force
Base plates are used at the bottom of steel columns to distribute the column load evenly to the foundation. They also provide a stable base to ensure the column remains securely anchored.
What is the primary reason for using composite structures?
A Better aesthetics
B Increased strength
C Reduced cost
D Reduced material cost
Composite structures combine the strengths of materials like steel and concrete. Steel provides tensile strength, while concrete offers compressive strength, resulting in structures that are stronger and more efficient.
What type of steel is used for cold-formed steel sections?
A Alloy steel
B Stainless steel
C High-carbon steel
D Mild steel
Mild steel is commonly used for cold-formed steel sections. It is inexpensive, easy to form, and has adequate strength for use in lightweight framing and other non-heavy-duty applications.
What is the effect of fireproofing on steel structures?
A Prevents rust
B Increases strength
C Reduces heat transfer
D Increases ductility
Fireproofing helps reduce the rate at which heat is transferred to steel structures during a fire. This is crucial because steel loses its strength at high temperatures, and fireproofing helps maintain its integrity.
Which of the following is used to prevent steel from rusting?
A Heat treatment
B Galvanizing
C Painting
D Welding
Galvanizing involves coating steel with zinc to prevent rust. The zinc coating acts as a sacrificial anode, protecting the underlying steel from corrosion due to environmental exposure.
What is the role of a gusset plate in steel joints?
A Strengthen connections
B Absorb vibrations
C Prevent rust
D Support beams
Gusset plates are used to strengthen steel joints by providing a rigid connection between members like beams and columns. They ensure efficient load transfer and increase the overall stability of the structure.