What is the primary function of a governor in a mechanical system?
A Transmit power
B Increase torque
C Reduce vibrations
D Control speed
A governor is a device used to regulate the speed of an engine or machine. It adjusts the fuel supply or power input to maintain a constant speed, compensating for load variations.
What does dynamic balancing in machinery primarily reduce?
A Efficiency
B Vibration
C Noise
D Power loss
Dynamic balancing reduces vibrations in rotating machinery. By ensuring that the mass distribution is even, it prevents harmful oscillations, which can lead to machine wear, inefficiency, and potential damage.
What type of motion does a gyroscopic effect resist?
A Rotational motion
B Vibrational motion
C Oscillatory motion
D Linear motion
The gyroscopic effect resists changes to the axis of rotation. It is a phenomenon where a spinning object resists any attempt to alter its orientation, and this is crucial in applications like navigation and stabilization.
In a rotating body, what is the role of the moment of inertia?
A Change torque
B Control speed
C Resist angular acceleration
D Store energy
The moment of inertia quantifies an object’s resistance to changes in its rotational motion. A higher moment of inertia means the body is harder to accelerate or decelerate rotationally, similar to mass in linear motion.
What is the primary function of a flywheel in an engine?
A Absorb shock
B Regulate fuel
C Store energy
D Control torque
The flywheel stores kinetic energy during rotation. It helps maintain a consistent rotational speed by absorbing energy during speed fluctuations and releasing it when required, ensuring smooth engine operation.
In a machine, what does the term “flywheel effect” describe?
A Energy storage
B Force transmission
C Speed variation
D Torque increase
The flywheel effect refers to the ability of a flywheel to store rotational energy. As it spins, it stores energy and helps smooth out fluctuations in speed, which is vital for maintaining consistent machine performance.
Which mechanism is used to convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion?
A Camshaft
B Slider‐crank
C Gear train
D Lever
The slider‐crank mechanism converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion. It is commonly used in engines where the rotary motion of the crankshaft moves a piston back and forth in a cylinder.
What is the primary purpose of dynamic balancing in a rotating machine?
A Decrease energy loss
B Increase torque
C Minimize vibrations
D Control speed
Dynamic balancing ensures that the rotating parts of a machine are balanced to minimize vibrations. This improves efficiency, reduces wear and tear, and prevents structural damage caused by excessive vibrations during operation.
What does the gyroscopic effect prevent in a rotating machine?
A Speed changes
B Power loss
C Overheating
D Directional stability loss
The gyroscopic effect helps maintain directional stability in rotating machines. It resists any changes to the orientation of the axis, which is crucial for stabilizing moving vehicles and other rotating systems.
What is the function of a governor in an internal combustion engine?
A Control speed fluctuations
B Open exhaust valves
C Reduce friction
D Regulate air supply
In an internal combustion engine, the governor regulates the speed by controlling the fuel or air supply. It helps maintain a constant engine speed despite changes in load, ensuring smooth performance.
How does a gyroscope contribute to navigation systems?
A Regulates motion
B Measures distance
C Provides orientation
D Determines speed
Gyroscopes are used in navigation systems to measure and maintain orientation. By resisting changes in the axis of rotation, they provide stable references for navigation in aircraft, ships, and other vehicles.
What is the effect of increasing the mass in a flywheel?
A Increased speed
B Increased energy storage
C Decreased efficiency
D Decreased torque
Increasing the mass of a flywheel increases its moment of inertia, which in turn increases its ability to store energy. This allows the flywheel to better smooth out fluctuations in rotational speed.
What type of power transmission does a governor typically control?
A Hydraulic
B Electrical
C Mechanical
D Thermal
A governor controls mechanical power transmission in engines and turbines. It regulates the speed of the engine by adjusting the mechanical power input, ensuring stable operation despite changes in load.
What is the primary use of a centrifugal governor?
A Absorb energy
B Regulate fuel
C Control speed
D Control torque
A centrifugal governor is used to control the speed of an engine by adjusting the fuel supply. As the engine speed increases, the governor adjusts to prevent the engine from exceeding its desired speed.
What type of load is typically minimized using dynamic balancing?
A Vibrational load
B Torsional load
C Static load
D Rotational load
Dynamic balancing minimizes vibrational loads in rotating machinery by ensuring that the mass is evenly distributed. This reduces the vibrations that can cause wear, instability, and potential failure in the system.