What is the function of a flywheel in a mechanical system?
A Reduce vibrations
B Convert motion
C Regulate speed
D Absorb energy
The flywheel stores rotational energy and helps regulate the speed of a machine. It absorbs excess energy when the machine operates faster than needed and releases it when the speed drops, ensuring smoother operation.
What does the term “vibration analysis” refer to in machine design?
A Oscillation study
B Energy transfer
C Motion tracking
D Force measurement
Vibration analysis is the study of mechanical vibrations to detect imbalances, wear, or misalignments in machines. It helps identify issues like excess vibrations that may lead to failure or decreased efficiency.
What is the main purpose of damping in vibration systems?
A Absorb energy
B Reduce oscillation
C Store energy
D Increase amplitude
Damping reduces the amplitude of vibrations over time. It absorbs excess energy, preventing sustained oscillations that could lead to mechanical failure. Damping systems are crucial in minimizing harmful vibrations in machinery.
What does “resonance” in mechanical systems result in?
A Decreased load
B Increased efficiency
C Decreased power
D Increased amplitude
Resonance occurs when a system is driven at its natural frequency, causing its amplitude of vibration to increase dramatically. This can lead to damage if not controlled, as the system is subjected to excessive oscillations.
How does a flywheel help in an internal combustion engine?
A Increase power
B Reduce emissions
C Store energy
D Improve efficiency
In an internal combustion engine, the flywheel stores rotational energy during the power stroke and releases it during the exhaust stroke, smoothing out fluctuations in engine speed and ensuring continuous operation.
What is the purpose of a shock absorber in mechanical systems?
A Absorb shock
B Reduce vibrations
C Store energy
D Increase energy
A shock absorber’s primary function is to absorb and dissipate energy from impacts or shocks. This is crucial in vehicles and machinery, where sudden forces could cause damage or discomfort without proper damping.
What type of motion is generated by a cam mechanism?
A Rotary
B Oscillatory
C Translatory
D Linear
A cam mechanism primarily converts rotary motion into linear motion. The shape of the cam dictates how the follower moves, which can result in various types of motion profiles like uniform or varying displacement.
What is the main reason for using a vibration isolator in machines?
A Regulate power
B Prevent vibration damage
C Increase torque
D Control speed
Vibration isolators are used to prevent vibrations from transferring to sensitive parts of a machine or structure. They protect components from damage and improve comfort by isolating harmful vibrations from the surroundings.
What is the function of a gear ratio in a mechanical system?
A Change direction
B Store energy
C Alter speed
D Control torque
A gear ratio is the ratio of the number of teeth on two meshing gears. It is used to change the rotational speed between input and output shafts, either increasing or decreasing speed based on the application.
What is the effect of an unbalanced rotating mass in a machine?
A Causes vibrations
B Increases power
C Increases efficiency
D Reduces torque
An unbalanced rotating mass creates uneven forces within a machine, leading to vibrations. These vibrations can cause damage over time, decrease efficiency, and affect the machine’s stability, making balancing critical.
What does the term “damping coefficient” describe in a vibrating system?
A Frequency of vibration
B Amplitude increase
C Rate of energy loss
D Speed of oscillation
The damping coefficient measures how quickly a system dissipates energy during vibrations. A higher damping coefficient leads to faster energy loss, which reduces the amplitude of oscillations and helps stabilize the system.
How does a gear train affect the torque output?
A Decreases efficiency
B Decreases torque
C Increases torque
D Increases speed
A gear train can increase torque depending on the gear ratio. By using gears with different sizes, the system adjusts the torque and speed, allowing for the amplification or reduction of the output force based on requirements.
What is the purpose of using a cam follower in a cam mechanism?
A Follow cam profile
B Increase power
C Change direction
D Store energy
The cam follower follows the cam’s profile and translates the rotational motion of the cam into linear motion. This is essential in applications like internal combustion engines, where precise valve timing is necessary.
What is the primary purpose of a governor in an engine?
A Prevent overheating
B Control speed
C Control power
D Regulate fuel
A governor regulates the speed of an engine by adjusting the fuel or air supply based on changes in load. This ensures that the engine maintains a constant speed regardless of variations in demand.
What happens to a system’s resonance frequency when damping increases?
A It increases
B It remains constant
C It varies randomly
D It decreases
When damping increases in a system, the resonance frequency tends to decrease. Damping reduces the amplitude of oscillations and shifts the frequency at which the system vibrates most efficiently, preventing excessive oscillations.