Water Supply and Wastewater Engineering MCQs (Part-9)
What is the primary goal of water conservation?
A Pump more water
B Reduce water usage
C Increase water supply
D Improve water quality
Water conservation aims to reduce the amount of water used in daily activities, thus helping to ensure sustainable water use, reduce wastage, and alleviate the pressure on water resources, especially in areas with limited supply.
Which method is commonly used for detecting leaks in water distribution systems?
A Reverse osmosis
B Chlorination
C Water filtration
D Pressure testing
Pressure testing is often used to detect leaks in water distribution systems. By monitoring pressure drops in pipelines, engineers can identify areas of leakage and take corrective action to minimize water loss.
What is an advanced treatment method for wastewater?
A Sedimentation
B Coagulation
C Reverse osmosis
D Chlorination
Reverse osmosis is an advanced treatment method for wastewater that uses a semi-permeable membrane to remove salts, chemicals, and other impurities, producing clean water suitable for reuse or discharge into the environment.
What is the role of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection in water treatment?
A Kill bacteria
B Filter water
C Remove chemicals
D Remove solids
UV disinfection is a chemical-free method of killing or inactivating bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens in water. UV light disrupts the DNA of microorganisms, preventing them from reproducing and making the water safe for consumption.
What is the primary purpose of water reuse systems?
A Pump water
B Reduce water waste
C Increase water supply
D Filter water
Water reuse systems treat and recycle water from various sources such as wastewater or stormwater for non-potable purposes like irrigation, industrial processes, or toilet flushing, helping to reduce overall water demand and waste.
Which water conservation technique is often used in agriculture?
A Filtration
B Chlorination
C Sedimentation
D Irrigation scheduling
Irrigation scheduling involves planning the timing and amount of water applied to crops to ensure efficient water use. It helps to conserve water while ensuring that crops receive adequate moisture for growth.
What is a major advantage of using drip irrigation?
A Reduces evaporation
B Increases water use
C Requires more labor
D Increases runoff
Drip irrigation delivers water directly to the roots of plants, minimizing water wastage due to evaporation or runoff. This method ensures that crops receive precise amounts of water, improving efficiency and conserving resources.
What is the function of a leak detection system in water supply systems?
A Pump water
B Increase pressure
C Detect leaks
D Purify water
A leak detection system monitors water distribution networks to identify leaks by measuring pressure and flow rates. Early detection helps to prevent water loss, reduce operational costs, and prevent potential damage to infrastructure.
What is the purpose of aeration in wastewater treatment?
A Kill bacteria
B Add oxygen
C Remove solids
D Increase pH
Aeration adds oxygen to wastewater, which supports the growth of aerobic microorganisms that help break down organic matter. This process is essential in both wastewater treatment and improving water quality in natural water bodies.
Which of the following is a common method for wastewater treatment?
A Sedimentation
B Filtration
C Chlorination
D Coagulation
Sedimentation is a common wastewater treatment method where solids in wastewater settle out due to gravity. It helps clarify water by removing large particles before further treatment like filtration or disinfection.
What type of water conservation technique is rainwater harvesting?
A Filtering water
B Reducing usage
C Collecting water
D Reusing water
Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rainwater for later use, such as for irrigation, flushing toilets, or even drinking after proper treatment. It reduces dependence on municipal water supplies and conserves water.
Which of the following is used to treat industrial wastewater?
A Chlorination
B Reverse osmosis
C Coagulation
D UV disinfection
Reverse osmosis is used to treat industrial wastewater by removing dissolved solids, chemicals, and other contaminants. It produces high-quality water suitable for reuse in industrial processes or for discharge into the environment.
What is the primary method used to treat sludge in wastewater plants?
A Sedimentation
B Filtration
C Anaerobic digestion
D Chlorination
Anaerobic digestion is the primary method for treating sludge in wastewater plants. It involves breaking down organic solids without oxygen, producing biogas that can be used for energy and reducing the volume of waste.
Which process helps reduce the demand for freshwater in agriculture?
A Rainwater harvesting
B Desalination
C Filtration
D Chlorination
Rainwater harvesting collects and stores rainwater for irrigation, helping to reduce reliance on freshwater resources. It is especially useful in areas with limited access to water and helps conserve natural water supplies.
What is the function of a water leakage detection system in water supply?
A Store water
B Detect bacteria
C Reduce water loss
D Remove impurities
A water leakage detection system helps identify leaks in the distribution network by measuring pressure variations. Detecting leaks early allows for prompt repairs, reducing water loss and maintaining the efficiency of the supply system.